Sanitary requirements for export food production workshop

Sanitary requirements for export food production workshop

车间面积与生产相适应，布局合理，排水畅通；车间地面用防滑、坚固、不透水、耐腐蚀的材料修建，且平坦、无积水、并保持清洁；车间出口及与外界相连的排水、通风处装有防鼠、防蝇、防虫设施。

The workshop area and production of suitable, reasonable layout, smooth drainage construction; corrosion resistance strong, non slip, waterproof, with floor materials, and flat, no water, and clean workshop; export and drainage, which is connected with the outside air with rats, flies, anti insect facilities.

车间内墙壁、天花板和门窗使用无毒、浅色、防水、防霉、不脱落、易于清洗的材料修建。墙角、地角、顶角应当具有弧度（曲率半径应不小于3cm）。

The workshop walls, ceilings and doors and windows use non-toxic, light, waterproof, mildew, no shedding and easy cleaning materials to build. Corner, angle, angle radian (curvature radius should be not less than 3cm).

车间内的操作台、传送带、运输车、工器具应当用无毒、耐腐蚀、不生锈、易清洗消毒、坚固的材料制作。

The operating table, conveyor belts, transport vehicles and equipment in the workshop shall be non-toxic, corrosion resistant, rust free, easy to clean and disinfect, and made of solid materials.

应当在适当的地点设足够数量的洗手、消毒、干手设备或用品，水龙头应当为非手动开关。根据产品加工需要，车间入口处应当设有鞋、靴和车轮消毒设施。应当设有与车间相连接的更衣室。根据产品加工需要，还应当设立与车间相连接的卫生间和淋浴室。

A sufficient number of hand washing, disinfection, dry hand equipment or supplies should be set at the appropriate place, and the tap shall be a non manual switch. According to the product processing needs, the workshop entrance should be equipped with shoes, boots and wheel disinfection facilities. There should be a locker room connected with the workshop. According to the product processing needs, should also be set up with the workshop connected to the bathroom and shower.

1、车间结构：

1, workshop structure:

食品加工车间以采用钢混或砖砌结构为主，并根据不同产品的需要，在结构设计上，适合具体食品加工的特殊要求。

Food processing workshop in order to use steel or brick structure based, and according to the needs of different products, structural design, suitable for the specific requirements of specific food processing.

车间的空间要与生产相适应，一般情况下，生产车间内的加工人员的人均拥有面积（除设备外），应不少于1.5平方米。过于拥挤的车间，不仅妨碍生产操作，而且人员之间的相互碰撞，人员工作服与生产设备的接触，很容易造成产品污染。车间的顶面高度不应低于3米，蒸煮间不应低于5米。

Shop space to adapt to the production, under normal circumstances, the per capita possession of the processing personnel in the production workshop (in addition to equipment), should not be less than 1.5 square meters. Too crowded workshop, not only hinder the production operation, and the mutual collision between the personnel, personnel work clothes and production equipment contact, it is easy to cause product pollution. The top surface of the workshop should not be less than 3 meters, and the cooking room should not be less than 5 meters.

加工区与加工人员的卫生设施，如更衣室、淋浴间和卫生间等，应该在建筑上为联体结构。水产品、肉类制品和速冻食品的冷库与加工区也应该是联体式结构。

Sanitary facilities, such as changing rooms, showers and bathrooms, should be in the building for the body structure. Aquatic products, meat products and frozen food cold storage and processing areas should also be a body structure.

2、车间布局：

2, workshop layout:

车间的布局既要便于各生产环节的相互衔接，又要便于加工过程的卫生控制，防止生产过程交叉污染的发生。

The layout of the workshop is not only to facilitate the mutual connection of the production process, but also to facilitate the health control of the processing process, to prevent the occurrence of cross contamination of the production process.

食品加工过程基本上都是从原料—→半成品—→成品的过程，即从非清洁到清洁的过程，因此，加工车间的生产原则上应该按照产品的加工进程顺序进行布局，使产品加工从不清洁的环节向清洁环节过渡，不允许在加工流程中出现交叉和倒流。

Processed foods are basically from raw materials, semi-finished products, finished product, namely to the cleaning process, from non clean production principles so processing workshop should process product layout in accordance with the order of the clean processing products never part of the transition to clean links, are not allowed to cross and back there in the processing process.

清洁区与非清洁区之间要采取相应的隔离措施，以便控制彼此间的人流和物流，从而避免产生交叉污染，加工品传递通过传递窗进行。

The clean area and the non - cleaning area should adopt the corresponding separation measure, in order to control each other between the stream of people and the material flow, thus avoids to produce the cross pollution, the processing product passes through the transmission window to carry on.

要在车间内适当的地方，设置工器具清洗、消毒间，配置供工器具清洗、消毒用的清洗槽、消毒槽和漂洗槽，必要时，有冷热水供应，热水的温度应不低于82℃。

To the appropriate place in the workshop, set the equipment cleaning and disinfection, cleaning and disinfection equipment configuration for the cleaning tank, a disinfection tank and rinse tank, when necessary, with hot and cold water, hot water temperature not lower than 82 DEG C.

3、车间地面、墙面、顶面及门窗：

3, shop floor, wall, roof and doors and windows:

车间的地面要用防滑、坚固、不渗水、易清洁、耐腐蚀的材料铺制，车间地面表面要平坦，不积水。车间整个地面的水平在设计和建造时应该比厂区的地面水平略高，地面有的斜坡度。

Floor of the workshop to use non slip, solid, non porous, easy to clean, corrosion-resistant materials shop, shop floor surface should be flat, no water. The whole floor level of the workshop should be slightly higher than the ground level of the plant when designing and constructing, and the slope of the ground is inclined.

车间的墙面应该铺有2米以上的墙裙，墙面用耐腐蚀、易清洗消毒、坚固、不渗水的材料铺制及用浅色、无毒、防水、防霉、不易脱落、可清洗的材料覆涂。车间的墙角、地角和顶角曲率半径不小于3厘米呈弧形。

The workshop walls should shop 2 meters above the dado, the wall with corrosion resistance, easy cleaning and disinfection, solid, impermeable material and laying with light, non-toxic, waterproof, mildew, easy off, washable material coating. The corner radius of curvature, angle and angle of the workshop is not less than 3 cm in an arc.

车间的顶面用的材料要便于清洁，有水蒸气产生的作业区域，顶面所用的材料还要不易凝结水球，在建造时要形成适当的弧度，以防冷凝水滴落到产品上。

The top surface of the workshop materials used to facilitate cleaning, operation area with water vapor from the top surface of the material but also not easy to condense water polo, are built to form a proper radian, to prevent condensation water on products.

车间门窗有防虫、防尘及防鼠设施，所用材料应耐腐蚀易清洗。窗台离地面不少于1米，并有45度斜面。

Workshop with pest control, and dust prevention facilities, materials used should be corrosion-resistant and easy to clean. The window sill is not less than 1 meters from the ground, and has a 45 degree slope.

4、供水与排水设施：

4, water supply and drainage facilities:

车间内生产用水的供水管应采用不易生锈的管材，供水方向应逆加工进程方向，即由清洁区向非清洁区流。

In the workshop, the water supply pipe of the water supply should be not easy to rust, and the direction of water supply should be reversed, that is, from the clean area to the non cleaning area.

车间内的供水管路应尽量统一走向，冷水管要避免从操作台上方通过，以免冷凝水凝集滴落到产品上。

The water supply pipe in the workshop should be unified to the cold water pipe to avoid from above the operating table, so as to avoid the condensed water dripping onto the product agglutination.

为了防止水管外不洁的水被虹吸和倒流入管路内，须在水管适当的位置安装真空消除器。

In order to prevent the water pipe outside the unclean water is poured into the siphon and the line, to be installed in the appropriate position of pipe vacuum eliminator.

车间的排水沟应该用表面光滑、不渗水的材料铺砌，施工时不得出现凹凸不平和裂缝，并形成3%的倾斜度，以保证车间排水的通畅，排水的方向也是从清洁区向非清洁区方向排放。排水沟上应加不生锈材料制成活动的蓖子。

The workshop should drain with a smooth surface, non porous materials and cracks may appear uneven paving, construction, and form a gradient of 3%, to ensure the workshop drainage unobstructed, drainage direction is discharged from the cleaning area to the direction of clean area. The drainage ditch shall be applied on the rusty material activities grate.

车间排水的地漏要有防固形物进入的措施，畜禽加工厂的浸烫打毛间应采用明沟，以便于清除羽毛和污水。

The workshop of the drainage to prevent solids into measures, livestock and poultry processing plant scalding dehairing should adopt ditch, in order to facilitate removal of feathers and sewage.

排水沟的出口要有防鼠网罩，车间的地漏或排水沟的出口应使用U型或P型、S型等有存水弯的水封，以便防虫防臭。

Drain exports have ratproof net cover, drain or drain the outlet of the workshop should use U type or P type, S type and trap water seal, in order to control odor.

5、通风与采光：

5, ventilation and lighting:

车间应该拥有良好的通风条件，如果是采用自然通风，通风的面积与车间地面面积之比应不小于1：16。若采用机械通风，则换气量应不小于3次/小时，采用机械通风，车间的气流方向应该是从清洁区向非清洁区流动。

Workshop should have good ventilation conditions, if it is to use natural ventilation, ventilation area and the floor area ratio of the workshop should be not less than 1:16. If the mechanical ventilation, air change should be no less than 3 times / hour, the use of mechanical ventilation, airflow direction of the workshop should be from the clean area to the non cleaning area flow.

靠自采光的车间，车间的窗户面积与车间面积之比应不小于1：4。车间内加工操

By self lighting workshop, the ratio of the window area and the shop floor area should be not less than 1:4. Workshop processing The operating table, conveyor belts, transport vehicles and equipment in the workshop shall be non-toxic, corrosion resistant, rust free and easy to use.

作台的照度应不低于220Lux，车间其他区域不低于110Lux，检验工作场所工作台面的照度应不低于540Lux，瓶装液体产品的灯检工作点照度应达到1000Lux，并且光线不应改变被加工物的本色。车间灯具须装有防护罩。

For the illumination should be not less than 220Lux, other workshop area of not less than 110Lux, the inspection work place of work surface illumination should be not less than 540Lux, lamp inspection point illuminance bottled liquid product should reach 1000Lux, and the light should not change processing object color. Workshop lighting should be equipped with protective cover.

6、控温设施：

6, temperature control facilities:

加工易腐易变质产品的车间应具备空调设施，肉类和水产品加工车间的温度在夏季应不超过15℃~18℃，肉制品的腌制间温度应不超过4℃。

The processing of perishable perishable products workshop should have air conditioning facilities, meat and aquatic products processing workshop temperature should not exceed 15 DEG ~18 DEG in the summer, the temperature between the pickled meat products should not exceed 4 DEG C.

工具器、设备：

Tools and equipment:

加工过程使用的设备和工器具，尤其是接触食品的机械设备、操作台、输送带、管道等设备和篮筐、托盘、刀具等工器具的制作材料应符合以下条件：

The use of the process equipment and utensils, especially materials in contact with food machinery and equipment, operation table, conveyor belt, pipelines and other equipment and basket, tray, knives and other utensils should meet the following conditions:

——无毒，不会对产品造成污染；

- non-toxic, will not cause pollution of the product;

——耐腐蚀、不易生锈、不易老化变形；

- corrosion resistance, not easy to rust, not easy to aging deformation;

——易于清洗消毒；

- easy to clean and disinfect;

——车间使用的软管，材质要符合有关食品卫生标准（GB11331-89）要求。

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.

食品加工设备和工器具的结构在设计上应便于日常清洗、消毒和检查、维护。

The structure of food processing equipment and tools should be designed to facilitate the daily cleaning, disinfection, inspection and maintenance.

槽罐设备在设计和制造时，要能保证使内容物排空。

Tank equipment in the design and manufacture, to be able to ensure that the contents of the evacuation.

车间内加工设备的安装，一方面要符合整个生产工艺布局的要求，另一方面则要便于生产过程的卫生管理，同时还要便于对设备进行日常维护和清洁。在安放较大型设备的时候，要在设备与墙壁、设备与顶面之间保留有一定的距离和空间，以便设备维护人员和清洁人员的出入。

The installation of processing equipment in the workshop, on the one hand to meet the requirements of the entire production process layout, on the other hand, it is easy to facilitate the production process of health management, but also to facilitate the daily maintenance of the equipment and cleaning. When placing larger equipment, to keep a certain distance and space between the equipment and the wall, equipment and top surface, so that equipment maintenance personnel and cleaning personnel access.

7、人员卫生设施：

7, personnel health facilities:

（1）更衣室

(1) changing room

车间要设有与加工人员数量相适宜的更衣室，更衣室要与车间相连，必要时，要为在清洁区和非清洁区作业的加工人员分别设置更衣间，并将其出入各自工作区的通道分开。

The number of the workshop to equipped with appropriate processing staff locker room, dressing room and workshop, when necessary, be set separately for processing personnel in the clean area and clean area operation of the locker room, and separate access to their work area of the channel.

个人衣物、鞋要与工作服、靴分开放置。挂衣架应使挂上去的工作服与墙壁保持一定的距离，不与墙壁贴碰。更衣室要保持良好的通风和采光，室内可以通过安装紫外灯或臭氧发生器对室内的空气进行灭菌消毒。

Personal clothes, shoes and work clothes, shoes are placed separately. Hanging racks should be hung up to keep the work clothes and walls to maintain a certain distance, not to touch the wall. The changing room should maintain good ventilation and lighting, indoor air through the installation of ultraviolet lamp or ozone generator for indoor air sterilization.

（2）淋浴间

(2) shower room

肉类食品（包括肉类罐头）的加工车间要设有与车间相连的淋浴间，淋浴间的大小要与车间内的加工人员数量相适应，淋浴喷头可以按照每10人1个的比例进行配置。淋浴间内要通风良好，地面和墙裙应采用浅色，易清洁，耐腐蚀，不渗水的材料建造，地板要防滑，墙裙以上部分和顶面要涂刷防霉涂料，地面要排水通畅，通风良好，有冷热水供应。

Meat food (including canned meat) of the workshop are to be connected with the workshop of the shower, the shower size should be the number of processing personnel and in the workshop to adapt, the shower can be configured according to the proportion of 1 per 10 people. The shower room is well ventilated, ground and dadoes should adopt a light colored, easy cleaning, corrosion, construction of impermeable material, to non slippery floor, dado above part and the top surface to the ground to besmear mildew proof coating, smooth drainage, good ventilation, hot and cold water supply.

（3）洗手消毒设施

(3) hand washing and disinfection facilities

车间入口处要设置有与车间内人员数量相适应的洗手消毒设施，洗手龙头所需配置的数量，配置比例应该为每10人1个，200人以上每增加20人增设1个。

Shop at the entrance to be set with the number of staff to adapt to the number of hand washing facilities, the number of the required configuration of the hand washing faucet, the configuration should be 1 for every 10 people, more than 200 people per 20 additional 1.

洗手龙头必须为非手动开关，洗手处须有皂液器，并有热水供应，出水为温水。盛放手消毒液的容器，在数量上也要与使用人数相适应，并合理放置，以方便使用。

The hand washing head must be a non manual switch, the hand must have a soap dispenser, and there is a hot water supply, the water is warm water. To let go of the container, and the number of the use of the number of people to adapt, and reasonable placement, in order to facilitate the use of.

干手用具必须是不会导致交叉污染的物品，如一次性纸巾、消毒毛巾等。

Dry hand utensils must not lead to cross contamination of items, such as disposable paper towels, towels, etc..

在车间内适当的位置，应安装足够数量的洗手、消毒设施和配备相应的干手用品，以便工人在生产操作过程中定时洗手、消毒，或在弄脏手后能及时和方便地洗手。从洗手处排出的水不能直接流淌在地面上，要经过水封导入排水管。

In the workshop in the appropriate position, should install a sufficient number of washing and disinfecting facilities and equipped with the corresponding hand products, so that workers in the production process of hand washing, disinfection or timing, can timely and conveniently wash their hands in dirty hands. Wash the water can not be discharged from directly flowing in the ground, to go through the water into drains.

（4）卫生间

(4) the bathroom

为了便于生产卫生管理，与车间相连的卫生间，不应设在加工作业区内，可以设在更衣区内。卫生间的门窗不能直接开向加工作业区，卫生间的墙面、地面和门窗应该用浅色、易清洗消毒、耐腐蚀、不渗水的材料建造，并配有冲水、洗手消毒设施，窗口有防虫蝇装置。

In order to facilitate the production of health management, and the workshop is connected to the toilet, should not be located in the processing area, can be located in the locker area. The bathroom doors can not directly open to the processing area, bathroom wall, floor and door and window should be built with light, corrosion resistance, easy cleaning and disinfection, impermeable material, and is equipped with water, hand washing facilities, the window fly pest control device.

8、仓贮设施：

8, warehouse storage facilities:

原、辅料库

Raw material library

原、辅料的存贮设施，应能保证为生产加工所准备的原料和辅助用料在贮存过程中，品质不会出现影响生产使用的变化和产生新的安全卫生危害。清洁、卫生，防止鼠虫危害是对各类食品加工用原料/辅料存贮设施的基本要求。

The storage facilities of raw materials and auxiliary materials should be able to ensure that the quality of raw materials and auxiliary materials prepared for production and processing will not affect the changes of production and use and the new safety and health hazards in the process of storage. Cleaning, sanitation and preventing rodent pests are the basic requirements for the storage facilities of raw materials and auxiliary materials for all kinds of food processing.

果蔬类原料存放的场所还应具备遮阳挡雨条件，而且通风良好，在气温较高的地区，应设有专用的保鲜库。

The places for storage of fruit and vegetable raw materials should also have the condition of sun shading and blocking rain, and have good ventilation.

包装材料库

Packaging material library

食品厂应该为包装材料的存放、保管设置专用的存贮库房，库房应清洁、干燥，有防蝇虫和防鼠设施，内外包装材料应分开放置，材料堆垛与地面、墙面要保持一定的距离，并应加盖有防尘罩。

Food factory should have set up a dedicated storage warehouse for storage, packaging materials, the warehouse should be clean and dry, preventing flies and prevention facilities, and packaging materials shall be placed separately, material stacking and ground and wall to maintain a certain distance, and shall be stamped with the dust cover.

成品库

Finished product library

食品厂成品存贮设施的规模和容量要与工厂的生产相适应，并应具备能保证成品在存放过程中品质能保持稳定，不受污染。成品贮存库内应安装有防止昆虫、鼠类及鸟类进入的设施。冷库的建筑材料必须符合国家的有关用材规定要求。贮存出口产品的冷库和保（常）温库，必须安装有自动温度记录仪。

The scale and capacity of the product storage facilities should be adapted to the production of the factory, and should have the ability to ensure the quality of finished products in the storage process can remain stable and not contaminated. The finished product storage should be installed to prevent insects, rodents and birds into the facility. Cold storage of construction materials must meet the requirements of the relevant provisions of the state. Cold storage and storage (constant) temperature storage for export products must be fitted with automatic temperature recorder.